Which of the following is NOT a consequence of smoking?

• A. Increased lung capacity
• B. Higher risk of respiratory infections
• C. Impaired lung function
• D. Development of COPD

Answer: (A)

Increased lung capacity is not a consequence of smoking; in fact, smoking generally leads to a decrease in lung function and capacity over time. While smoking may initially seem to provide a temporary increase in performance for some activities due to increased adrenaline and heart rate, the long-term effects are detrimental. Smoking compromises the health of the lungs and decreases respiratory efficiency.

On the other hand, higher risk of respiratory infections, impaired lung function, and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are well-documented consequences of smoking. Cigarette smoke damages the airways and alveoli, diminishes the immune response in the lungs, and leads to the chronic inflammation characteristic of COPD, thereby exposing smokers to more infections and reducing lung capacity overall.